Choosing an Argon Plasma Coagulation Probe for Endoscopy and Surgery

What an APC probe does

In argon plasma coagulation, argon flows from the probe tip while an electrode inside the probe is energised. The ionised argon forms a conductive plasma path to tissue, and the current heats a thin surface layer without the electrode touching. The probe therefore combines a gas channel, an electrode and insulation in a thin, flexible or rigid tube.

For the method itself see our explainers on argon plasma coagulation and APC in endoscopy. The probe is a consumable that determines application, handling and running cost.

Rigid versus flexible probes

Rigid probes and applicators are used in open and laparoscopic surgery, where the surgeon controls the angle with the instrument. Flexible probes are thin, insulated and pass through the working channel of a flexible endoscope, so they are used in gastroenterology, pulmonology and similar fields.

The BOWA ARC PLUS lists modes for both worlds: Argon CUT and COAG for open and laparoscopic surgery and gynaecology, and Argon FLEX and PULSED for flexible probes in internal medicine and gastroenterology. Always check the probe diameter against your endoscope channel size and the compatibility of the connector with the argon unit.

• Rigid: open and laparoscopic surgery
• Flexible: through the endoscope channel
• Match probe diameter to the channel
• Connector must suit the argon unit

Straight, side and circumferential fire

Probes differ in where the gas and plasma exit. A straight-fire (axial) probe emits forward along the probe axis and is useful for reaching a lesion directly. A side-fire probe emits at an angle, helpful when the lesion lies tangential to the endoscope. A circumferential (radial) probe emits in a ring, designed for treatment of a lumen wall around the probe.

Choose by anatomy and technique. Straight fire gives control but needs a clear approach; side fire suits tangential lesions; circumferential fire is for broader coverage in tubular organs. Do not buy all types blindly: start with the patterns used in your procedures and add as needed, asking the supplier for a sample set.

Filters, gas path and single-use sets

Probe sets often include a filter in the gas line to prevent contamination from entering the argon unit and the patient. Probes are normally supplied sterile and for single use, with the exact packaging and compatibility defined by the manufacturer of the set. Never reuse a single-use probe, as the electrode and insulation degrade.

The ARC PLUS recognises argon instruments automatically and delivers argon at 0.1 to 10 l/min with a maximum outlet pressure of 2 bar and an ignition distance above 10 mm. Use only probes validated for the unit. Check the gas settings recommended in the probe's instructions, since flexible probes require lower flows than open-surgery applicators.

Safety and handling in endoscopy

Distend the lumen appropriately and vent gas so that argon does not overinflate the organ, and keep activations short, as repeated long bursts raise perforation risk. Keep the probe tip visible and clear of the endoscope tip. A return electrode must be applied because APC is monopolar, as discussed in our article on electrosurgery in endoscopy.

Staff should be trained to prime the gas line, check for kinks and recognise tip clogging. Clean the endoscope channel after use according to reprocessing policy.

Procurement checklist

When buying probes ask for the compatibility list with the ARC PLUS, sterility and shelf life, the range of lengths and diameters, the fire patterns offered and the minimum order quantities. Compare total cost per procedure, not unit price alone. Beckfinity can supply the argon unit and the accessory set; contact our specialists to request a quote.